Our articles include references so readers can see the material behind medical statements. The source lists appear with the articles, and many claims have nearby citations.
Sources in the published guides include peer-reviewed research, guidance from professional bodies, official health agencies and established medical institutions. These sources serve different purposes: a study may address a narrow question, while a clinical guideline or public-health resource may summarize a wider body of evidence.
We aim to distinguish established findings from uncertainty and personal experience. A reference supports the specific point for which it is cited; it does not mean that every reader will have the same symptoms, diagnosis or response to treatment. Sources and article explanations may be revisited as evidence changes.